Moeitz fkeibebgeb and august holtscann



Patented Apr. 3, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CALICO-PRINTING COT-OR COMPOSITION AND PROGESS.

No Drawing. Application filed October 25, 1924, Serial No. 745,921, and in Germany December 14, 1923.

' This invention comprises improvements in "and connected with calico and like roller printing and the colors used therefor.

In the printing of calico by means of deep- 1y engraved cylinders excess colors is removed by means of rollers or doctors and undesired markings frequently appear on 'the cylinders in a very objectionable manner. These markings become apparent by the sudden appearance of smudges and streaks which extend right round the 011- cumference of the cylinders and are reproduced in the print thereby spoiling the latter. The trouble aforesaid is still further increased by the necessity for stopping the "machine for the cleaning of the various cylinders and rollers and color containers or color boxes and sometimes it is even found to be necessary to renew the colorsupply.

The cause of these troubles, which have al-. ways been liable to occur, has heretofore been a matter .of doubt. Apparently they are not due to a reaction of the printing color for they occur in the same manner with acid printing color and with alkaline printing color such as the indanthrene printing colors. The fact that acid printing colors, and, to a greater extent, alkaline printing colors, injuriously affect the cylinders and 3" rollers, is not of itself a sufficient explanation of the sudden occurrence of the troubles referred to, which includes the markings aforesaid and the so-called copper-grinding or disintegration, for the same troubles are experienced with neutral printing colors which are in common use.

It can be stated that the troubles referred to are not obviated by taking great care that the colors are free from insoluble and 40 hard particles. It has been thought by some that galvanic action-or electric currents are responsible and by others it has been suggested that the color undergoes some change I durin printing owing to the heat, or increased concentration and so on, so that a crystalline separation occurs. However, no

proof is available as to the correctness of any one of these theories.-

According to the improvements the trouco bles aforesaid are completely, or almost completely'obviated by adding to the printing colors organic bodies insoluble in water or in the printing color and combining a very great molecular weight with a high-degree of viscosity suitable organic bodies for the purpose being further required to be liquid or soft at ordinary temperatures or at the temperature at which they are to be employed.

Examples of bodies suitable for use in accordance with these improvements are, the highest fractions of the distillation of mineral oils and residual tars which are liquid or soft. Further examples are the viscous fractions of the tar oils or the tars. Amongst suitable products of this nature may be mentioned Vaseline for work at high temperatures, ceresine, and wet steamcylinder oils for work at low temperatures. In general the effect of these conditions can be increased if other bodies capable of raising the degree of viscosity are dissolved in the hydrocarbons or oil or tar constituents. Examples of these additional bodies are Waxes, paraffins and like bodies of animal, vegetable or mineral origin. With printing colors in WhlOh starch is employed as a thickening medium, and particularly acid printing color s, it is found advantageous to dissolve or mix in or with the viscous substances to be added highly molecular fatty acids, as for example oleic acid, or castor oil fatty acid. These additions on the one hand, facilitate the even distribution in the printing color of the highly molecular substances and, on the other hand, serve for rendering the starch soluble' during heating, such as is subsequently-required for developing, fixing and finally treating the printing color.

It is known to add oil to the printing color for the formation of color lake in some cases and for increasing the smoothness of the pr1nt1n color in other cases. In ract ice vegetab e-oils have been employed or .this purpose but these, after a short time underwent a chan e during the printing process so that the esired effect was lost, and this occurred whether acid color or alkaline color was used. As contrasted with thispractice,

the additions in accordance with. these pres- ;ent lmprovements consist offhighly viscous highly molecular substances preferably belonging to the range of hydrocarbons and inany case having the capacity for remaining' passive against the influence or action of the printing color.

Finally, it is sultable in some circumstances to add to the printing co1or,in ad? guaranteeing the homogeneity or uniformity of the color introduced or a plied. to the printing elements. For exam; e an addition of heavy benzine may be ma for the purpose in known manner. By heavy benzine we mean petroleum and tar distillates which are obtained between the range of 150-210 0.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what 'we claim is:

1. A cloth or calico printin' composition which includes a water inso uble organic bodyof high molecular weight and of high viscosity.

2. A cloth or calico rinting color includ ing a highly viscous mmeral hydrocarbon.

3. A cloth or calico printing body including a color body and a highly viscous mineral oil body.

4. A cloth or calico printing color including a viscous mineral oil.

5. A cloth or calico rinting color in which starch is employe as a thickening medium which contains a viscous mineral bod and a fatty acid of the type ofoleic aci and castor oil fatty acid.

which starch is employe 6. A cloth or calico rinting color in d as a thickenin medium which contains a viscous minera oil and, a fatty acid -of the type of oleic acid and castor oil fatt acid. 7

7. A printing composition for calico printing which includes a viscous body which is passage against the influence of the printmg color and a froth preventing'agent.

8. A rintin composition for calico printing which inc udes a viscuous mineral oil and a heavy benzine.

9. A cloth or calico printing composition, I

which includes a highly viscous mineral body "and a hea benzine. I 10. In t e process of printing calico or cloth, the step which embraces the-inking of the printing surfaces with a cloth or calico printing composition containing a viscous emulsifiable mineral body.

11. In the process of printing calico or cloth, the step which embraces the inking. of the printing surfaces with a cloth or calico printing composition containing an emulsion of a hi h boiling mineral oil.

In testimony w ereof we have aflixed our signatures.

MORI'TZ FREIBERGER. AUGUST HOLTMANN. 

